При запуске stellarium показывает окошко с сообщением, что ему не нравится OpenGL и предлагает запуститься в ограниченном режиме. В ~/.stellarium/log.txt следующее:

Linux version 4.4.16-std-def-alt0.M80P.1 (builder@localhost.localdomain) (gcc version 4.7.2 20121109 (ALT Linux 4.7.2-alt10) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu Jul 28 03:44:50 UTC 2016
Compiled using GCC 5.3.1
Qt runtime version: 5.6.1
Qt compilation version: 5.5.1
Addressing mode: 32-bit
MemTotal:        2058540 kB
MemFree:         1170780 kB
MemAvailable:    1787064 kB
SwapTotal:       2096124 kB
model name	: Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU N455   @ 1.66GHz
cpu MHz		: 1000.000
model name	: Intel(R) Atom(TM) CPU N455   @ 1.66GHz
cpu MHz		: 1667.000
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Atom Processor D4xx/D5xx/N4xx/N5xx Integrated Graphics Controller (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Kernel driver in use: i915
stellarium 
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[ This is Stellarium 0.14.2 - http://www.stellarium.org ]
[ Copyright (C) 2000-2016 Fabien Chereau et al.         ]
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Writing log file to: "/home/archer/.stellarium/log.txt"
File search paths:
  0 .  "/home/archer/.stellarium"
  1 .  "/usr/share/stellarium"
Config file is:  "/home/archer/.stellarium/config.ini"
Detected: OpenGL "2.1"
Driver version string: "2.1 Mesa 12.0.1"
GL vendor is "Intel Open Source Technology Center"
GL renderer is "Mesa DRI Intel(R) Pineview M x86/MMX/SSE2"
GL Shading Language version is "1.20"
MESA Version Number detected:  12
Mesa version is fine, we should not see a graphics problem.
GLSL Version Number detected:  1.2
This is not enough: we need GLSL1.30 or later.
You should update graphics drivers, graphics hardware, or use the --mesa-mode option.
Else, please try to use an older version like 0.12.5, and try there with --safe-mode
Config option main/ignore_opengl_warning found, continuing. Expect problems.
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Рецепт из  https://bugs.launchpad.net/stellarium/+bug/1533069 мне не помог.