Имеющаяся с ходу не работает (после создания папки - все ОК):

$ python3
Python 3.5.4 (default, May 31 2018, 07:40:02) 
[GCC 5.3.1 20151207 (ALT Linux 5.3.1-alt3)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import keyring
/usr/lib/python3/site-packages/keyring/backends/Gnome.py:6: PyGIWarning: GnomeKeyring was imported without specifying a version first. Use gi.require_version('GnomeKeyring', '1.0') before import to ensure that the right version gets loaded.
  from gi.repository import GnomeKeyring
>>> keyring.get_password("test","test")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3/site-packages/keyring/backends/pyfs.py", line 100, in _open
    writeable=writeable)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/site-packages/fs/opener.py", line 236, in parse
    fs, fs_path = opener.get_fs(self, fs_name, fs_name_params, fs_url, writeable, create_dir)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/site-packages/fs/opener.py", line 350, in get_fs
    osfs = OSFS(dirname)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/site-packages/fs/osfs/__init__.py", line 136, in __init__
    raise ResourceNotFoundError(root_path, msg="Root directory does not exist: %(path)s")
fs.errors.ResourceNotFoundError: Root directory does not exist: b'/home/user/.local/share/python_keyring'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/lib/python3/site-packages/keyring/core.py", line 38, in get_password
    return _keyring_backend.get_password(service_name, username)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/site-packages/keyring/backends/pyfs.py", line 176, in get_password
    password_base64 = self.config.get(service, username).encode()
  File "/usr/lib/python3/site-packages/keyring/backends/pyfs.py", line 161, in config
    f = self._open()
  File "/usr/lib/python3/site-packages/keyring/backends/pyfs.py", line 136, in _open
    pyfs = fs.osfs.OSFS(url2_path)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/site-packages/fs/osfs/__init__.py", line 136, in __init__
    raise ResourceNotFoundError(root_path, msg="Root directory does not exist: %(path)s")
fs.errors.ResourceNotFoundError: Root directory does not exist: b'/home/user/.local/share/python_keyring'

Ну и новая версия работает не со своим хранилищем, а с системным, поэтому проблем нет.